We do have environmental standards in Africa, but the latter have been poorly met in the past, as shown by fertilizer-producing industries (BOAD 2014) and oil operations’ (UNEP 2011) reports. Most industries do not have solutions allowing them to recycle industrial waste in a satisfactory manner.
Compliance with environmental protection laws remains a challenge, but since the late 1990s, we have seen the adoption of national laws such as: environmental framework laws for the implementation of new legal tools, notably allowing the application of the "you pollute, you pay" principle. Corporate managers are now under the obligation to prevent environmental offenses for which they can be held accountable, putting them at risk of financial penalties and damage to the company’s brand image.